The question of personal identity is central to the organization of any society, as it allows us to assign a status or role to each person in a collective.

In view of the challenges associated with digital identity, CNIL has chosen this topic for its first "thematic dossier". This new publication covers all the main points of the CNIL's position on the subject, and is divided into several sections:

• an introduction looking back at the concept of identity, its historical link with "IT and freedoms" issues, and a few figures relating to digital identity;
• a "what are we talking about?" section, with simple definitions and key concepts to remember;
• an update on digital identity today, public and private uses and in particular the electronic national identity card (CNIe);
• the challenges for data security and individuals;
• the use of official identity in the private sector;
• the future of European digital identity;

• to the general public, first concerned by the theme of digital identity, by offering them definitions and keys to understanding the issues at stake for their personal data and freedoms;
• private organizations and their service providers developing digital identity solutions and wondering how to ensure their compliance with "Informatique et Liberté" regulations;
• to public authorities, to support the implementation of solutions that respect citizens' rights;
• to researchers interested in the issue of digital identity, its challenges and applications.